https://www.samanthalstevenson.com/about daily 0.75 2025-03-28 https://www.samanthalstevenson.com/publications daily 0.75 2025-03-28 https://www.samanthalstevenson.com/home-1 daily 1.0 2025-03-28 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/58c03d5c2994ca3688642d7f/1564110151279-0PYTISS5P542PC4FHKWR/Samantha%2BStevenson_04.jpg Home https://www.samanthalstevenson.com/research daily 0.75 2025-03-28 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/58c03d5c2994ca3688642d7f/1489634094247-KT24L6FNZMEMOOU23GVU/P4020137_1024.jpg Research Fossil coral sample on Christmas Island (Kiribati) being processed for transport back to the lab. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/58c03d5c2994ca3688642d7f/1489557172401-FCJS3PL37E7P38TKZNU3/droughtmonitor_feb2016.png Research Data from the US Drought Monitor as of February 7, 2016. Red colors indicate more extreme drought. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/58c03d5c2994ca3688642d7f/9d7a9ef2-2044-478b-8e43-fb68784b3125/Screenshot+2022-05-19+at+18-45-39+GOPR0405.png Research Temperature and current meter deployed at Palmyra Atoll https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/58c03d5c2994ca3688642d7f/1489556791784-HEFBTCBWRCH1YNCOFA5J/elnino2015.png Research Satellite sea surface temperature (SST) from December 2015. Photo credit: NOAA https://www.samanthalstevenson.com/enso-dynamics daily 0.75 2017-03-21 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/58c03d5c2994ca3688642d7f/1490113029533-FMFP1AS7YL8KEWJ1X7YV/stevensonetal2017b_fig7.png ENSO Dynamics Figure 7 from Stevenson et al. (2017), Climate Dynamics Composite evolution of EP El Niño events in the LME ensembles, shown using a Hovmoeller diagram of SSTA over 2∘S–2∘N. a Shows EP El Niños in the 850 control simulation; subsequent left-hand panels (b, d, f, h, j, l, n) show differences between the pre-industrial portions of the forced LME ensembles relative to the control, and right-hand panels (c, e, g, i, m, o) show differences between the twentieth century and pre-industrial portions of individual LME ensembles. Stippling indicates that a Wilcoxon rank-sum test at that grid point resulted in SST anomalies indistinguishable from one another at 90% significance. f Is blank since the 850 control is used as the pre-industrial portion of the ozone/aerosol-only (O3AER) ensemble. https://www.samanthalstevenson.com/megadrought-research daily 0.75 2017-03-21 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/58c03d5c2994ca3688642d7f/1490114024006-04TJLI6AL3NHD4PRTPMY/Stevensonetal2015_fig8.png Multidecadal Megadrought Figure 8 from Stevenson et al. (2015), Journal of Climate Comparison of simulated and observed drought properties with an AR-1 null hypothesis. Filled circles indicate the mean value of the drought characteristic in CTL (fully coupled simulation; red), CLIM (simulation with prescribed climatology of sea surface temperature; blue), and the NADA (North American Drought Atlas reconstruction; black). Error bars indicate the 90% confidence interval on the mean generated from 1000 AR-1 samples. https://www.samanthalstevenson.com/volcanic-impacts-on-climate daily 0.75 2017-03-21 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/58c03d5c2994ca3688642d7f/1490114690946-I6T0TXEBL2H0UAKK52F8/image-asset.png Volcanic Impacts on Climate Figure 7 from Stevenson et al. (2016), Journal of Climate PDSI composites for Tropical and Northern eruptions during JJA +1. (a) Tropical eruptions followed by ENSO-neutral conditions during DJF +0 to +1. (b) As in (a), but for eruptions followed by El Niño conditions. (c) Northern eruptions followed by ENSO-neutral conditions during DJF +0 to +1. (d) As in (c), but for eruptions followed by El Niño conditions. Boxes indicate the southwest United States and monsoon Asia regions discussed in the text, and the numbers alongside are the pattern correlations between the PDSI composite and the El Niño teleconnection pattern over the appropriate region. Boldface red text indicates a pattern correlation significant at 95% relative to internal variability, as computed via a Wilcoxon rank-sum test. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/58c03d5c2994ca3688642d7f/1490114398842-Q8KZRC9V4SWW0TG5SBR8/image-asset.png Volcanic Impacts on Climate Figure 3 from Stevenson et al. (2017), PNAS Comparison of CESM simulations against proxy reconstructions. (C) Palmer Drought Severity Index anomaly for the boreal summer of the eruption year, derived from the Monsoon Asia Drought Atlas (Cook et al. 2010) (Left) and the North American Drought Atlas (Cook et al. 2004) (Right). (D) Zero- to 30-cm soil moisture anomaly averaged over the period 0–5 mo after the eruption, for CESM simulations with eruptions in April (Left) and July (Right). All CESM anomalies are computed relative to the 30 y before the eruption; in D, stippling indicates regions where the anomalies are insignificant relative to internal variability at 90% based on a Wilcoxon rank-sum test. https://www.samanthalstevenson.com/coral-reconstructions daily 0.75 2017-03-21 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/58c03d5c2994ca3688642d7f/1490123406661-STHOHGCC7315EA2JRTE3/image-asset.png Improving Coral Paleoclimate Reconstructions Schematic of the influences affecting the oxygen isotopic composition of seawater at an example reef used for ENSO reconstruction (yellow star). Background graphic adapted from Widlansky et al. 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